قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ الۡقُرُوۡنِ الۡاُوۡلٰی ﴿۵۲﴾
قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ ٱلۡقُرُونِ ٱلۡأُولَىٰ
English
Pharaoh said, ‘What then will be the fate of the former generations?’
English Short Commentary
Pharaoh said, ‘What will be the fate of the former generations?’[1826]
1826. Moses’s reply to Pharaoh’s query contained in the previous verse seemed to have entirely confounded the latter, so he adroitly turned away from the subject which he himself had started and put Moses a new question, asking him whether his God knew anything about the former generations who were dead and gone, meaning how they would fare when they had not had the benefit of receiving guidance from him (Moses). Thus in a subtle manner Pharaoh sought to incite his people against Moses by making an oblique hint that he (Moses) had insinuated that their forefathers were bereft of heavenly guidance and, therefore, were deserving of Divine punishment. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
Pharaoh said, ‘What then will be the fate of the former generations?’[2271]
2271. Commentary:
Moses’s reply to Pharaoh’s query contained in the previous verse seemed to have entirely confounded him (Pharaoh), so he adroitly turned away from the subject which he himself started and presented Moses with a new question. He asked Moses whether his God knew anything about the former generations who were dead and gone, meaning how they would fare when they had not had the benefit of receiving guidance from him (Moses). Thus, in a subtle manner Pharaoh sought to incite his people against Moses by making an oblique hint that he (Moses) regarded their forefathers as bereft of heavenly guidance and therefore deserving of Divine punishment. (close)
اُردو
اس نے کہا پھر پہلی قوموں کا کیا حال ہوا؟
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(فرعون نے) کہا۔ (اگر یہ بات ہے) تو پہلے لوگوں کا کیا حال تھا (یعنی وہ تو ان باتوں کو نہیں مانتے تھے ان سے کیا سلوک ہوگا)۔
Français
Pharaon dit : « Quel sera donc le destin des générations antérieures ? »
Español
El Faraón dijo: “¿Cuál será pues la suerte de las generaciones anteriores?”.
Deutsch
(Pharao) sprach: "Und wie steht es dann um die früheren Geschlechter?"
قَالَ عِلۡمُہَا عِنۡدَ رَبِّیۡ فِیۡ کِتٰبٍ ۚ لَا یَضِلُّ رَبِّیۡ وَ لَا یَنۡسَی ﴿۫۵۳﴾
قَالَ عِلۡمُهَا عِندَ رَبِّي فِي كِتَٰبٖۖ لَّا يَضِلُّ رَبِّي وَلَا يَنسَى
English
He said, ‘The knowledge thereof is with my Lord recorded in a Book. My Lord neither errs nor forgets.’
English Short Commentary
Moses said, ‘The knowledge thereof is with my Lord preserved in a Book. My Lord neither errs [a]nor forgets;[1827]
1827. Moses gives a crushing reply to Pharaoh’s evasive tactics. He tells Pharaoh that he should not bother about the former generations. God knew all about them and every detail concerning them was well-preserved in His knowledge and on the Day of Resurrection He would requite them all according to their deeds and actions, taking into consideration their particular conditions and circumstances. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
He said, ‘The knowledge thereof is with my Lord preserved in a Book. My Lord neither errs [a]nor forgets.’[2272]
2272. Commentary:
Moses gives a crushing reply to Pharaoh’s evasive tactics. He tells Pharaoh that he should not bother about the former generations. His God knew all about them and every detail concerning them was well preserved in His knowledge and on the Day of Resurrection He would requite them all according to their deeds and actions, taking into consideration their particular conditions and circumstances. (close)
اُردو
اس نے جواب دیا کہ اُن کا علم میرے ربّ کے پاس ایک کتاب میں ہے۔ میرا ربّ نہ بھٹکتا ہے نہ بھولتاہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(موسیٰ نے) کہا ان (پہلے لوگوں) کا علم تو میرے رب کو ہے (ان سب کے حالات اس کی) کتاب میںمحفوظ ہیں میرا رب نہ بھٹکتا ہے اور نہ بھولتا ہے۔
Français
Il dit : « La connaissance en est avec mon Seigneur enregistrée dans un Livre. Mon Seigneur ne Se trompe jamais ni n’oublie. »
Español
Respondió: “Su conocimiento está en mi Señor, registrado en un Libro. Mi Señor ni yerra ni olvida”.
Deutsch
Er sprach: "Das Wissen davon ist bei meinem Herrn in einem Buch. Weder irrt mein Herr, noch vergisst Er."
الَّذِیۡ جَعَلَ لَکُمُ الۡاَرۡضَ مَہۡدًا وَّ سَلَکَ لَکُمۡ فِیۡہَا سُبُلًا وَّ اَنۡزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً ؕ فَاَخۡرَجۡنَا بِہٖۤ اَزۡوَاجًا مِّنۡ نَّبَاتٍ شَتّٰی ﴿۵۴﴾
ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ مَهۡدٗا وَسَلَكَ لَكُمۡ فِيهَا سُبُلٗا وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَخۡرَجۡنَا بِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٗا مِّن نَّبَاتٖ شَتَّىٰ
English
It is He Who has made the earth for you a cradle, and has caused pathways for you to run through it; and Who sends down rain from the sky, and thereby We bring forth various kinds of vegetation.
English Short Commentary
[b]‘It is He Who has made the earth for you a bed and has caused pathways for you to run through it; and Who sends down rain from the sky and thereby We bring forth various kinds of vegetation in pairs;
English Five Volume Commentary
[b]It is He Who has made the earth for you a cradle, and has caused pathways for you to run through it; and Who sends down rain from the sky and thereby We bring forth various kinds of vegetation in pairs.[2273]
2273. Commentary:
The word ازواجاً (in pairs) points to a profound scientific truth which has only recently been discovered, viz. that there are pairs in the vegetable world as there are pairs in the animal world. Long before this scientific truth was discovered the Quran had stated it. It has further stated that all objects have been created in pairs (51:50). Science seems to be moving in the direction pointed by the Quran. Its discoveries in organic and inorganic matter have been increasingly supporting and substantiating the truth enunciated by the Quran centuries ago.
The verse under comment continues the argument begun in the previous verse, viz. that just as physical rain gives life to plants and vegetation, similarly water of Divine revelation is indispensable for the spiritual life of man. (close)
اُردو
(وہ) جس نے تمہارے لئے زمین کو بچھونا بنایا اور تمہاری خاطر اس میں کئی راستے جاری کئے اور اس نے آسمان سے پانی اتارا۔ پھر ہم نے اس سے کئی ایک جوڑے نباتات کی مختلف قسموں سے پیدا کئے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(وہی ہے) جس نے تمہارے لئے اس زمین کو فرش کے طور پر بنایا ہے اور اس میں تمہارے لئے راستے بھی نکالے ہیں اور آسمان سے پانی اتارا ہے پھر تو ان سے یہ بھی کہہ دے کہ) ہم نے اس پانی کے ذریعہ سے مختلف قسم کی روئیدگیوں کے جوڑے پیدا کیے ہیں۔
Français
C’est Lui Qui a fait de la terre pour vous un berceau, et Qui vous a fait des voies qui la traversent ; et Qui envoie la pluie du ciel, et par là, Nous produisons des couples de diverses espèces de végétation.
Español
“Él es Quien os convirtió la tierra en cuna, trazó caminos para que la recorrierais; es Quien envía la lluvia del cielo, con la que hacemos germinar varias especies de plantas”;
Deutsch
(Er ist es) Der die Erde für euch gemacht hat als eine Wiege und Straßen, über die er sie hinlaufen lässt für euch und Regen hernieder sendet vom Himmel; und damit bringen Wir mannigfache Arten von Pflanzen hervor.
کُلُوۡا وَ ارۡعَوۡا اَنۡعَامَکُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ فِیۡ ذٰلِکَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّاُولِی النُّہٰی ﴿٪۵۵﴾
كُلُواْ وَٱرۡعَوۡاْ أَنۡعَٰمَكُمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّأُوْلِي ٱلنُّهَىٰ
English
Eat ye and pasture your cattle. Verily, in this are Signs for those who are endued with reason.
English Short Commentary
[c]‘Eat ye and pasture your cattle. Verily, in this are Signs for those endowed with reason.’
English Five Volume Commentary
[a]Eat ye and pasture your cattle. Verily, in this are Signs for those endowed with reason.[2274]
2274. Important Words:
النھی (reason) is derived from نھی (naha). They say نھاہ عن کذا i.e. he forbade him to do such a thing. نھی (nuha) is the plural of نھیة (nuhyatun) which means, reason. It is so called because reason restrains a man from doing what is bad and from all that which is contrary to reason and common sense (Aqrab).
Commentary:
The truths narrated in the previous verse constitute "Signs" or proofs of the existence of God. They also prove the need of Divine revelation, because they show that if God has made so much provision for the physical needs of man, He must have made similar provision for his spiritual needs also. (close)
اُردو
کھاؤ اور اپنے مویشیوں کو چراؤ۔ اس میں یقیناً صاحبِ عقل لوگوں کے لئے کئی بڑے نشانات ہیں۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(پس) تم بھی کھاٶ اور اپنے جانوروں کو بھی چراٶ۔ اس میں عقل والے لوگوں کے لئے بہت سے نشان ہیں۔
Français
Mangez-en, et faites paître vos bestiaux. En vérité, il se trouve en ceci des Signes pour ceux qui sont doués de raison.
Español
“Comed y apacentad vuestros ganados. En verdad, aquí hay Signos para quienes están dotados de razón”.
Deutsch
Esset denn und weidet euer Vieh. Wahrlich, hierin sind Zeichen für Leute von Vernunft.
مِنۡہَا خَلَقۡنٰکُمۡ وَ فِیۡہَا نُعِیۡدُکُمۡ وَ مِنۡہَا نُخۡرِجُکُمۡ تَارَۃً اُخۡرٰی ﴿۵۶﴾
۞مِنۡهَا خَلَقۡنَٰكُمۡ وَفِيهَا نُعِيدُكُمۡ وَمِنۡهَا نُخۡرِجُكُمۡ تَارَةً أُخۡرَىٰ
English
From it have We created you, and into it shall We cause you to return, and from it shall We bring you forth once more.
English Short Commentary
[d]From this earth have We created you, and into it shall We cause you to return, and from it shall We bring you forth a second time.
English Five Volume Commentary
[b]From this earth have We created you, and into it shall We cause you to return, and from it shall We bring you forth once more.[2275]
2275. Commentary:
The words, into it shall We cause you to return, give rise to a natural question, viz. where does human soul go after man dies and his body decays and is completely dissolved? The answer to this question as given by the Quran is that the human soul acquires a new body after its departure from its physical habitat and also an abode according to the nature of the deeds which man may have done during his life on earth. Man’s real sepulchre is the place to which God consigns his soul after death according to his works in this life. It is not the pit in which his dead body is placed. It is an abode of happiness or misery according to his spiritual condition.
The sentence, And from this earth shall We bring you forth once more, points to the supreme truth that man’s life does not end with the extinction and dissolution of his physical body, as it is pregnant with too big an import to end with the latter’s decay and death. If life had no great purpose God would not have created it, and after having created it He would not have made it subject to death unless there had been an afterlife. So if death were the end of all life, then the creation of man would have been "a mere sport and pastime" and this would have constituted a great reflection on the wisdom of God. The fact that God, the Source of all wisdom and intelligence, has done all this shows that He has not created man to return to dust after a life of merely 60 or 70 years but, on the contrary, He has created him for a better, fuller and everlasting life which he must live after he has shed the encumbrances of his physical tabernacle.
The verse also embodies a refutation of the religious beliefs of Pharaoh’s people who worshipped the stars. (close)
اُردو
اسی سے ہم نے تمہیں پیدا کیا ہے اور اسی میں ہم تمہیں لوٹادیں گے اور اسی سے تمہیں ہم دوسری مرتبہ نکالیں گے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
ہم نے اسی (زمین) سے تم کو پیدا کیا ہے‘ اور اسی میں تم کو لوٹا دیں گے اور اسی میں سے تم کو دوسری دفعہ نکالیں گے۔
Français
C’est d’elle que Nous vous avons créés, et c’est en elle que Nous vous ferons retourner, et c’est d’elle que Nous vous ferons sortir une seconde fois.
Español
De ella os creamos, a ella os haremos volver y de ella os haremos surgir una vez más.
Deutsch
Aus ihr haben Wir euch erschaffen, und in sie werden Wir euch zurückkehren lassen, und aus ihr bringen Wir euch abermals hervor.
وَ لَقَدۡ اَرَیۡنٰہُ اٰیٰتِنَا کُلَّہَا فَکَذَّبَ وَ اَبٰی ﴿۵۷﴾
وَلَقَدۡ أَرَيۡنَٰهُ ءَايَٰتِنَا كُلَّهَا فَكَذَّبَ وَأَبَىٰ
English
And We did show him (Pharaoh) Our Signs, all of them; but he rejected them and refused to believe.
English Short Commentary
And [a]We did show Pharaoh Our Signs, all of them; but he rejected them and refused to believe.
English Five Volume Commentary
And [a]We did show him (Pharaoh) Our Signs, all of them; but he rejected them and refused to believe.[2276]
2276. Commentary:
The word أبی besides the meaning given in the text also means, he hated or disliked. According to this meaning the verse shows that Pharaoh not only rejected the Divine signs but also held them up to scorn and looked down upon them with contempt and disdain. (close)
اُردو
اور یقیناً ہم نے اُسے اپنے تمام نشانات دکھائے مگر اس نے جھٹلا دیا اور انکار کر دیا۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اور ہم نے اس (فرعون) کو اپنے ہر قسم کے نشان دکھائے مگر (باوجود ان کے) وہ جھٹلانے پر مصر رہا اور انکار کرتا چلا گیا۔
Français
Et en vérité Nous montrâmes à Pharaon Nos Signes, chacun d’eux ; mais il les rejeta et refusa de croire.
Español
Y le mostramos (al Faraón) Nuestros Signos, todos ellos, pero él los rechazó y se negó a creer.
Deutsch
Und Wir ließen ihn Unsere Zeichen schauen allesamt; doch er verwarf (sie) und weigerte sich.
قَالَ اَجِئۡتَنَا لِتُخۡرِجَنَا مِنۡ اَرۡضِنَا بِسِحۡرِکَ یٰمُوۡسٰی ﴿۵۸﴾
قَالَ أَجِئۡتَنَا لِتُخۡرِجَنَا مِنۡ أَرۡضِنَا بِسِحۡرِكَ يَٰمُوسَىٰ
English
He said, ‘Hast thou come to us, O Moses, to drive us out of our land by thy magic?
English Short Commentary
He said, [b]‘Hast thou come to us, O Moses, to drive us out of our land by thy magic?[1828]
1828. This verse seems to refer to an insidious device of Pharaoh. He told his people that Moses who was a foreigner in Egypt was seeking to turn the ruling dynasty out of Egypt by his clever manoeuvres. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
He said, [b]‘Hast thou come to us, o Moses, to drive us out of our land by thy magic?[2277]
2277. Commentary:
This verse seems to refer to an insidious device of Pharaoh. He told his people that Moses who was a foreigner in Egypt was seeking to turn the ruling dynasty out of Egypt by his clever manoeuvres. He accused Moses of rebellion and revolt against the constituted authority and of aspiring to the leadership of the Egyptians. Thus apprehending in the rise of Moses a threat to his own power and prestige he sought to incite his people against him and thus turn his personal enmity against him into national hatred.
In this verse Pharaoh leaves out Aaron and addresses only Moses. He seems to have regarded Aaron as too insignificant to be considered worthy of notice. (close)
اُردو
اُس نے کہا کیا تُو ہمارے پاس آیا ہے کہ ہمیں ہمارے وطن سے اپنے جادو کے ذریعہ باہر نکال دے، اے موسیٰ؟
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اور کہنے لگا (اے موسیٰ)! کیا تو اس لئے ہمارے پاس آیا ہے تا کہ اپنی سحر بیانی کے ذریعہ سے ہم کو ہماری زمین سے نکال دے۔
Français
Il dit : « Ô Moïse, es-tu venu vers nous pour nous chasser de notre terre par ta magie ?
Español
Dijo: “¿Has venido a nosotros, Oh Moisés, para expulsarnos de nuestra tierra con tu magia?”.
Deutsch
Er sprach: "Bist du zu uns gekommen, o Mose, uns aus unserem Land zu treiben durch deinen Zauber?
فَلَنَاۡتِیَنَّکَ بِسِحۡرٍ مِّثۡلِہٖ فَاجۡعَلۡ بَیۡنَنَا وَ بَیۡنَکَ مَوۡعِدًا لَّا نُخۡلِفُہٗ نَحۡنُ وَ لَاۤ اَنۡتَ مَکَانًا سُوًی ﴿۵۹﴾
فَلَنَأۡتِيَنَّكَ بِسِحۡرٖ مِّثۡلِهِۦ فَٱجۡعَلۡ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَكَ مَوۡعِدٗا لَّا نُخۡلِفُهُۥ نَحۡنُ وَلَآ أَنتَ مَكَانٗا سُوٗى
English
‘But we shall assuredly bring thee magic the like thereof; so make an appointment between us and thyself which we shall not fail to keep — neither we nor thou — at a place alike for us both.’
English Short Commentary
[c]‘But we shall assuredly bring thee magic the like thereof; so make an appointment between us and thyself which we shall not fail to keep—neither we nor thou—at a place alike for us both.’
English Five Volume Commentary
[c]But we shall assuredly bring thee magic the like thereof; so make an appointment between us and thyself which we shall not fail to keep—neither we nor thou—at a place alike for us both.’[2278]
2278. Important Words:
سوی (equal) is derived from سوی (saviya). They say سوی الرجل i.e. the affair of the man became established. ساواہ means, it was or became equal to it and like it in measure, extent, size, quantity or amount and in value, etc. سوی (siwan) or سوی(suwan) means, equal; or equal in respect of its two extremities; uniform or even; equidistant or midway between two parties or two places; مکاناً سوی also means, a marked place (Lane & Aqrab). See also 2:109 and 19:11.
The verse shows that Pharaoh possessed some sense of fairness. He seems to act with justice and impartiality in regard to the controversy that was to take place between Moses and the magicians. (close)
اُردو
پس ہم ضرور تیرے سامنے ایک ایسا ہی جادو لائیں گے۔ پس تُو اپنے اور ہمارے درمیان وعدے کا دن اور جگہ مقرر کر جس کی نہ ہم خلاف ورزی کریں گے نہ تُو۔ یہ (دونوں کے لئے) برابر کا مقام ہو۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(اگر یہ بات ہے) تو ہم بھی تیرے مقابلہ میں ویسا ہی جادو لائیں گے پس ہمارے درمیان اور اپنے درمیان ایک (وقت اور) مقام موعود مقرر کر‘ نہ اس سے ہم پیچھے ہٹیں‘ نہ تو ہٹے وہ (ایک ایسا) مکان (ہو جو) ہمارے اور تمہارے درمیان برابر ہو۔
Français
Mais nous t’apporterons assurément une magie semblable ; fixe donc un rendez-vous pour nous et toi – auquel ni nous ni toi ne manquerons – à un endroit convenable à chacun de nous. »
Español
“Mas en verdad te presentaremos una magia igual a la tuya; fijemos pues una cita entre tú y nosotros, a la que no dejaremos de acudir – ni tú ni nosotros – en un lugar conveniente para los dos”.
Deutsch
Aber wir werden dir sicherlich Zauber gleich diesem bringen; so setze eine Zusammenkunft zwischen uns und dir fest, die wir nicht verfehlen werden – weder wir noch du –, an einem Orte der Gleichheit."
قَالَ مَوۡعِدُکُمۡ یَوۡمُ الزِّیۡنَۃِ وَ اَنۡ یُّحۡشَرَ النَّاسُ ضُحًی ﴿۶۰﴾
قَالَ مَوۡعِدُكُمۡ يَوۡمُ ٱلزِّينَةِ وَأَن يُحۡشَرَ ٱلنَّاسُ ضُحٗى
English
Moses said, ‘Your appointment shall be for the day of the Festival, and let the people be assembled when the sun is risen high.’
English Short Commentary
Moses said. [d]‘your appointment shall be the day of the festival and let the people be assembled when the sun is risen high.’[1829]
1829. There seems a curious analogy here between Moses and the Holy Prophet, viz. that whereas the contest between Moses and the magicians in which they were fully and finally routed took place at the time of Duha, the Holy Prophet also entered Mecca as conqueror at the time of Duha which marked the final defeat of disbelief and idolatry in Arabia. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
Moses said, [a]‘Your appointment shall be the day of the festival, and let the people be assembled when the sun is risen high.’[2279]
2279. Commentary:
It seems a curious analogy that whereas the contest between Moses and the magicians in which they were fully and finally routed took place at the time of ضحی, the Holy Prophet also entered Mecca as a conqueror at the time of ضحی which marked the final defeat of disbelief and idolatry in Arabia.
The day of festival seemed to be the holy day of the people of Pharaoh when they were expected to assemble in large numbers and to behave with unusual dignity and decorum. (close)
اُردو
اس نے کہا تمہارے لئے مقررہ دن تہوار کا دن ہے اور یوں ہو کہ لوگوں کو کچھ دن چڑھے اکٹھا کیاجائے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(اس پر موسیٰ نے) کہا‘ کہ تمہارے (ہمارے) اکٹھے ہونے کا دن (تمہاری) عید کا دن ہو اور نیزہ بھر سورج چڑھے سب لوگوں کو جمع کیا جائے۔
Français
Moïse dit : « Votre rendez-vous sera le jour de la Fête, et que le peuple soit rassemblé quand le soleil sera monté haut. »
Español
Moisés dijo: “Tu cita será para el día de la Fiesta, y hagamos que el pueblo se reúna cuando el sol esté en lo alto”.
Deutsch
(Moses) sprach: "Eure Zusammenkunft sei am Tage des Festes, und lasset die Leute versammelt sein, wenn die Sonne hoch steht."
فَتَوَلّٰی فِرۡعَوۡنُ فَجَمَعَ کَیۡدَہٗ ثُمَّ اَتٰی ﴿۶۱﴾
فَتَوَلَّىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنُ فَجَمَعَ كَيۡدَهُۥ ثُمَّ أَتَىٰ
English
Then Pharaoh withdrew and concerted his plan and then came to the place of appointment.
English Short Commentary
Then Pharaoh withdrew and concerted his plan[1830] and then came to the place of appointment.
1830. The expression. Jama‘a Kaida-hu, besides the meaning given in the text may also mean: He mustered all his designs; he contrived all sorts of plans; he did all that he could do. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
Then Pharaoh withdrew and concerted his plan and then came to the place of appointment.[2280]
2280. Commentary:
The expression جمع کیدہ besides the meaning given in the text may also mean: He mustered all his designs; he contrived all sorts of plans; he did all that he could do. (close)
اُردو
پس فرعون منہ موڑ کر چلا گیا پھر اُس نے اپنا منصوبہ مکمل کیا پھر دوبارہ آیا۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اس پر فرعون پیٹھ پھیر کر چلا گیا اور جو تدبیریں اس سے ممکن ہو سکتی تھیں ان کو مہیا کیا اور پھر (موسیٰ کی طرف) لوٹا۔
Français
Alors, Pharaon se retira et rassembla tous ses artifices, et vint ensuite au rendez-vous fixé.
Español
Entonces el Faraón se retiró y reunió todos sus trucos, regresando para la cita.
Deutsch
Da wandte sich Pharao und richtete seinen Anschlag ein, und dann kam er.