وَ مَنۡ یَّقۡتُلۡ مُؤۡمِنًا مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَآؤُہٗ جَہَنَّمُ خٰلِدًا فِیۡہَا وَ غَضِبَ اللّٰہُ عَلَیۡہِ وَ لَعَنَہٗ وَ اَعَدَّ لَہٗ عَذَابًا عَظِیۡمًا ﴿۹۴﴾
وَمَن يَقۡتُلۡ مُؤۡمِنٗا مُّتَعَمِّدٗا فَجَزَآؤُهُۥ جَهَنَّمُ خَٰلِدٗا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِ وَلَعَنَهُۥ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُۥ عَذَابًا عَظِيمٗا
English
And whoso kills a believer intentionally, his reward shall be Hell wherein he shall abide. And Allah will be wroth with him and will curse him and will prepare for him a great punishment.
English Short Commentary
And [b]whoso slays a believer intentionally, his reward shall be Hell wherein he shall abide. And Allah shall be wroth with him and shall curse him and shall prepare for him a great punishment.
English Five Volume Commentary
And [a]whoso kills a believer intentionally, his reward shall be Hell wherein he shall abide. And Allah shall be wroth with him and shall curse him and shall prepare for him a great punishment.[562]
562. Commentary:
The solidarity of Islam and the tie of brotherhood among believers have been made absolutely inviolable. One who knowingly kills a fellow Muslim is like one who kills a son of his own father under the very eyes of the latter. The father would have nothing to do with such a man. (close)
اُردو
اور جو جان بوجھ کر کسی مومن کو قتل کرے تو اس کی جزا جہنّم ہے۔ وہ اس میں بہت لمبا عرصہ رہنے والا ہے۔ اور اللہ اس پر غضبناک ہوا اور اس پر لعنت کی، اور اس نے اس کے لئے بہت بڑا عذاب تیار کر رکھا ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اور جو (شخص) کسی مومن کو دانستہ قتل کر دے تو اس کی سزا جہنم ہوگی۔ وہ اس میں دیر تک رہتا چلا جائے گا اور اللہ اس سے ناراض ہوگا اور اسے (اپنی جناب سے) دور کر دے گا اور اس کے لئے (بہت) بڑا عذاب تیار کرے گا۔
Français
Et quiconque tue un croyant à dessein recevra l’Enfer comme récompense, où il demeurera longtemps. Allāh sera courroucé contre lui, le maudira et préparera à son intention un très grand châtiment.
Español
Y quien mate intencionadamente a un creyente, su recompensa será el Infierno, y en él morará. Y Al-lah le mostrará Su ira, lo maldecirá y le preparará un severo castigo.
Deutsch
Und wer einen Gläubigen vorsätzlich tötet, dessen Lohn ist die Hölle, worin er bleiben soll. Allah wird ihm zürnen und ihn von Sich weisen und ihm schwere Strafe bereiten.
یٰۤاَیُّہَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡۤا اِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِیۡ سَبِیۡلِ اللّٰہِ فَتَبَیَّنُوۡا وَ لَا تَقُوۡلُوۡا لِمَنۡ اَلۡقٰۤی اِلَیۡکُمُ السَّلٰمَ لَسۡتَ مُؤۡمِنًا ۚ تَبۡتَغُوۡنَ عَرَضَ الۡحَیٰوۃِ الدُّنۡیَا ۫ فَعِنۡدَ اللّٰہِ مَغَانِمُ کَثِیۡرَۃٌ ؕ کَذٰلِکَ کُنۡتُمۡ مِّنۡ قَبۡلُ فَمَنَّ اللّٰہُ عَلَیۡکُمۡ فَتَبَیَّنُوۡا ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ کَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُوۡنَ خَبِیۡرًا ﴿۹۵﴾
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُواْ وَلَا تَقُولُواْ لِمَنۡ أَلۡقَىٰٓ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَٰمَ لَسۡتَ مُؤۡمِنٗا تَبۡتَغُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فَعِندَ ٱللَّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٞۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كُنتُم مِّن قَبۡلُ فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَتَبَيَّنُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا
English
O ye who believe! when you go forth in the cause of Allah, make proper investigation and say not to anyone who greets you with the greeting of peace, ‘Thou art not a believer.’ You seek the goods of this life, but with Allah are good things in plenty. Such were you before this, but Allah conferred His special favour on you; so do make proper investigation. Surely, Allah is well aware of what you do.
English Short Commentary
O ye who believe! when you go forth to fight in the cause of Allah, [a]make proper investigation and say not to any one who greets you with the greeting of peace, ‘Thou art not a believer.’[652] You seek the goods of this life,[653] but with Allah are good things in plenty. Such were you before this, but Allah conferred His special favour on you; so do make proper investigation. Surely, Allah is aware of what you do.
652. When a people offers peace or shows a peaceful attitude towards Muslims, the latter are enjoined to respect that attitude and refrain from hostilities. Moreover, as the Muslim Community at Medina was surrounded by hostile tribes, they were enjoined to presume a person who greeted them with Islamic salutation, to be a Muslim unless proved otherwise by investigation. (close)
653. That is to say, if you hold such a person to be a disbeliever without proper investigation, this would mean that you desire to kill him and take possession of his goods. Such conduct would show that you prefer worldly goods to God’s pleasure. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
O ye who believe! when you go forth in the cause of Allah, [b]make proper investigation and say not to anyone who greets you with the greeting of peace, ‘Thou art not a believer.’ You seek the goods of this life, but with Allah are good things in plenty. Such were you before this, but Allah conferred His favour on you; so do make proper investigation. Surely, Allah is well aware of what you do.[563]
563. Important Words:
السلام (peace) means the Islamic salutation of salam; peace; security; submission, etc. (Aqrab & Lane). See also 2:113, 209; 3:20.
مغانم (good things) is derived from غنم meaning, he got or took spoil, or got a thing as spoil; he acquired or gained a thing without difficulty or inconvenience. غنیمة or مغنم means, spoil, booty or plunder; the acquisition of a thing without difficulty or inconvenience; the thing so acquired; what is obtained from disbelievers in war (Lane & Aqrab).
Commentary:
This verse does not mean that if any person greets a Muslim with the Islamic formula of salutation, he should be regarded as a believer. Many non-Muslims nowadays, and many Jews in the days of the Holy Prophet, greeted Muslims with the prescribed salutation but they cannot be, and indeed never were, regarded as Muslims merely on that ground. What the verse means is that when a people offers peace or shows a peaceful attitude towards Muslims, the latter should respect that attitude and refrain from hostility. The word سلام (peace) may also mean submission or security. Similarly, the word مومن (believer) may also be rendered as giver of security or offerer or afforder of peace.
The word مغانم (good things) does not mean only the spoils of war. It also means the good things of the world. In Bukhari(ch. on Tafsir) we have لحق ناس من المسلمین رجلا معه غنیمة له i.e. "some of the Muslims met a man who had with him some good things belonging to him." As explained under Important Words, any thing acquired without difficulty is also غنیمه.
The words کذالك کنتم (such were you) embody a very strong appeal to both sentiment and reason. The expression signifies that, like disbelievers, Muslims too were disbelievers at first, but God gave them time and opportunity and they were at last able to see the truth. So they should be patient with, and lenient to, others and give them time, so that they too may ponder over the truth and accept it if they choose. (close)
اُردو
اے وہ لوگو جو ایمان لائے ہو! جب تم اللہ کی راہ میں سفر کر رہے ہو تو اچھی طرح چھان بین کر لیا کرو اور جو تم پر سلام بھیجے اس سے یہ نہ کہا کرو کہ تُو مومن نہیں ہے۔ تم دنیاوی زندگی کے اموال چاہتے ہو تو اللہ کے پاس غنیمت کے کثیر سامان ہیں۔ اس سے پہلے تم اسی طرح ہوا کرتے تھے پھر اللہ نے تم پر فضل کیا۔ پس خوب چھان بین کرلیا کرو۔ یقیناً اللہ اس سے جو تم کرتے ہو بہت باخبر ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اے ایماندارو! جب تم اللہ کی راہ میں سفر کرو تو چھان بین کر لیا کرو۔اورجو تمہیں سلام کہے اسے (یہ) نہ کہا کرو کہ تو مومن نہیں۔ تم ورلی زندگی کا سامان چاہتے ہو۔ سو اللہ کے پاس بہت سی غنیمتیں ہیں پہلے تم (بھی) ایسے ہی تھے۔ پھر اللہ نے تم پر احسان کیا۔ پس تم پر لازم ہے (کہ) تم چھان بین کر لیا کرو۔ جو کچھ تم کرتے ہو اس سے اللہ یقیناً آگاہ ہے۔
Français
Ô croyants ! Quand vous vous mettez en campagne dans la cause d’Allāh, renseignez-vous bien, et ne dites pas à celui qui vous adressera le salut de paix, « Tu n’es pas un croyant. » Vous chercherez les biens de la vie d’ici-bas, alors qu’auprès d’Allāh il y a des biens en abondance. Autrefois vous étiez ainsi, mais Allāh vous a accordé Sa grâce. Aussi donc renseignez-vous bien. Assurément, Allāh est Très-Conscient de ce que vous faites.
Español
¡Oh vosotros, los que creéis! cuando avancéis por la causa de Al-lah, informaos cuidadosamente y no digáis a quien os saluda con el saludo de la paz: “Tú no eres creyente”. Buscáis las cosas buenas de este mundo, pero es con Al-lah donde hay abundancia e cosas buenas. Así erais antes, pero Al-lah os otorgó Su favor especial; informaos pues cuidadosamente. En verdad, Al-lah es perfectamente consciente de lo que hacéis.
Deutsch
O die ihr glaubt, wenn ihr auszieht auf Allahs Weg, so stellt erst gehörig Nachforschung an und sagt nicht zu jedem, der euch den Friedensgruß bietet: "Du bist kein Gläubiger." Ihr trachtet nach den Gütern des irdischen Lebens doch bei Allah ist des Guten Fülle. Also waret ihr einst, dann aber hat Allah Seine Huld über euch ergossen; darum stellt erst gehörig Nachforschung an. Siehe, Allah ist eures Tuns wohl kundig.
لَا یَسۡتَوِی الۡقٰعِدُوۡنَ مِنَ الۡمُؤۡمِنِیۡنَ غَیۡرُ اُولِی الضَّرَرِ وَ الۡمُجٰہِدُوۡنَ فِیۡ سَبِیۡلِ اللّٰہِ بِاَمۡوَالِہِمۡ وَ اَنۡفُسِہِمۡ ؕ فَضَّلَ اللّٰہُ الۡمُجٰہِدِیۡنَ بِاَمۡوَالِہِمۡ وَ اَنۡفُسِہِمۡ عَلَی الۡقٰعِدِیۡنَ دَرَجَۃً ؕ وَ کُلًّا وَّعَدَ اللّٰہُ الۡحُسۡنٰی ؕ وَ فَضَّلَ اللّٰہُ الۡمُجٰہِدِیۡنَ عَلَی الۡقٰعِدِیۡنَ اَجۡرًا عَظِیۡمًا ﴿ۙ۹۶﴾
لَّا يَسۡتَوِي ٱلۡقَٰعِدُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ غَيۡرُ أُوْلِي ٱلضَّرَرِ وَٱلۡمُجَٰهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡۚ فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَٰهِدِينَ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ دَرَجَةٗۚ وَكُلّٗا وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ وَفَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَٰهِدِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا
English
Those of the believers who sit still, excepting the disabled ones, and those who strive in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their persons, are not equal. Allah has exalted in rank those who strive with their wealth and their persons above those who sit still. And to each Allah has promised good. And Allah has exalted those who strive above those who sit still, by a great reward,
English Short Commentary
[b]Those of the believers who sit at home, excepting the disabled ones, and those who strive in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their persons, are not equal. Allah has exalted in rank those who strive with their wealth and their persons above those who sit at home. And to each Allah has promised good. And Allah has exalted those, who strive above those who sit at home, by a great reward[654]—
654. The verse speaks of two classes of believers: (1) Those who sincerely accept Islam and then try to live up to its teachings but take no part in the struggle to defend and propagate the Faith. These are, as it were, passive believers—"sitters" as the verse calls them. (2) Those who not only live up to the teachings of Islam but also vigorously participate in the work of its propagation. These are active believers—the "strivers" or Mujahids as they are called. There is, however, a third class of believers who, even though they do not join their brethren in actually fighting disbelievers get an equal reward with those who take part in the actual struggle. They are heart and soul with the Muslims who are Mujahids, wherever the latter go to fight in the cause of God; but their particular circumstances––disease, poverty, etc., do not allow them to join the expeditions in person. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
[a]Those of the believers who sit still, excepting the disabled ones, and those who strive in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their persons, are not equal. Allah has exalted in rank those who strive with their wealth and their persons above those who sit still. And to each Allah has promised good. And Allah has exalted those who strive above those who sit still, by a great reward,[564]
564. Commentary:
The verse speaks of the different classes of believers only and not of hypocrites. Believers are of two classes: (1) Those who sincerely accept the truth and try to live up to the teachings of Islam but take no part in the struggle to defend and propagate the faith. These are, as it were, passive believers—"sitters" as the verse names them. (2) Those who not only live up to the teachings of Islam but also vigorously participate in the work of its propagation. These are active believers, the "strivers" or mujahids as they are called. The latter are far superior to the former in the sight of God. There is, however, a class of believers who, even though they do not join their brethren in actually fighting disbelievers, get an equal reward with those who take part in the actual struggle. These are referred to in the words "excepting the disabled ones". Their inability to take part in actual fighting is due to circumstances over which they have no control. They are heart and soul with the Muslims who are mujahid, wherever the latter go to fight in the cause of God; but their particular circumstances—disease, poverty, etc.—do not allow them to join the expeditions in person. Of these the Holy Prophet once told his Companions in one of his expeditions that there were men in Medina who were with them in every march they made and in every valley they traversed and who were getting the same reward. The Companions asked the Holy Prophet in surprise how that could be possible and who were those fortunate ones. "They are those of your brethren", replied the Holy Prophet, "who were eager to join us but were prevented from doing so by circumstances beyond their control." These are the ones in whose case the verse makes an exception in the words, excepting the disabled ones. But the actual "sitters", though entitled to good reward if true and sincere in their faith, were in no case on a par with the "strivers", neither in rank nor in reward. (close)
اُردو
مومنوں میں سے بغیر کسی بیماری کے گھر بیٹھ رہنے والے اور (دوسرے) اللہ کی راہ میں اپنے اموال اور جانوں کے ذریعہ جہاد کرنے والے برابر نہیں ہو سکتے۔ اللہ نے اپنے اموال اور اپنی جانوں کے ذریعہ جہاد کرنے والوں کو بیٹھ رہنے والوں پر ایک نمایاں مرتبہ عطا کیا ہے۔ جبکہ ہر ایک سے اللہ نے بھلائی کا ہی وعدہ کیا ہے۔ اور اللہ نے مجاہدین کو بیٹھ رہنے والوں پر ایک اجرِعظیم کی فضیلت عطا کی ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
مومنوں میں سے ایسے بیٹھ رہنے والے جو ضرر رسیدہ نہیں ہیں اور اپنے مالوں اور اپنی جانوں کے ساتھ اللہ کی راہ میں جہاد کرنے والے برابر نہیں (ہوسکتے) اللہ نے اپنے مالوں اور اپنی جانوں کے ذریعہ جہاد کرنے والوں کو (پیچھے) بیٹھ رہنے والوں پر درجہ میں فضیلت دی ہے اور سب سے اللہ نے بھلائی کا وعدہ کیا ہے۔اور اللہ نے جہاد کرنے والوں کو (پیچھے) بیٹھ رہنے والوں پر (بہت) بڑے اجر کا وعدہ کرکے (ضرور) فضیلت دی ہے۔
Français
Ceux d’entre les croyants qui restent tranquillement assis, mis à part les handicapés, ne sont pas égaux à ceux qui luttent pour la cause d’Allāh, avec leurs biens et leurs personnes. Allāh a placé ceux qui luttent avec leurs personnes et avec leurs biens à un rang bien plus élevé que ceux qui restent tranquillement assis ; alors qu’à chacun, Allāh a promis le bien. Et Allāh a élevé ceux qui luttent au-dessus de ceux qui restent assis par une très grande récompense ;
Español
No son iguales los creyentes que se quedan sentados, exceptuados los incapacitados, que los que se sacrifican por la causa de Al-lah con sus bienes y personas. Al-lah ha exaltado en rango a uienes se sacrifican con sus bienes y personas respecto a los que se quedan sentados. Y aunque Al-lah ha prometido lo mejor a todos, ha exaltado a los que se sacrifican por encima de los que permanecen sentados, con una gran recompensa,
Deutsch
Die unter den Gläubigen, die stillsitzen – ausgenommen die Gebrechlichen –, und die, welche für Allahs Sache ihr Gut und Blut einsetzen im Streit, sie sind nicht gleich. Allah hat die mit ihrem Gut und Blut Streitenden im Range erhöht über die Stillsitzenden. Einem jeden aber hat Allah Gutes verheißen; doch die Gottesstreiter hat Er vor den Stillsitzenden ausgezeichnet durch einen großen Lohn –
دَرَجٰتٍ مِّنۡہُ وَ مَغۡفِرَۃً وَّ رَحۡمَۃً ؕ وَ کَانَ اللّٰہُ غَفُوۡرًا رَّحِیۡمًا ﴿٪۹۷﴾
دَرَجَٰتٖ مِّنۡهُ وَمَغۡفِرَةٗ وَرَحۡمَةٗۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمًا
English
Namely, by degrees of excellence bestowed by Him, and by special forgiveness and mercy. And Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.
English Short Commentary
By degrees of excellence bestowed by Him, and by special forgiveness and mercy. And Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.
English Five Volume Commentary
Namely, by degrees of excellence bestowed by Him, and by special forgiveness and mercy. And Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.[565]
565. Commentary:
This verse further explains and emphasizes the distinction between the "sitters" at home without valid excuse and the "strivers" in the cause of God. The latter are not only superior to the former by "many degrees", but are much more entitled to God’s mercy and forgiveness. (close)
اُردو
(یہ) اس کی طرف سے درجات اور بخشش اور رحمت کے طور پر (ہے)۔ اور اللہ بہت بخشنے والا (اور) باربار رحم کرنے والا ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
(اس فضیلت کے معنے) اس (خدا) کی طرف سے بہت سے درجات اور مغفرت کا ملنا ہے اسی طرح حصول رحمت ہے اور اللہ بہت ہی بخشنے والا (اور) باربار رحم کرنے والا ہے۔
Français
C’est-à-dire par des degrés d’excellence de Sa part, ainsi qu’un pardon et une miséricorde. Et Allāh est Très-Pardonnant, Miséricordieux.
Español
Es decir, con distintos grados de excelencia concedidos por Él, y con especial perdón y misericordia; pues Al-lah es el Sumo Indulgente, Misericordioso.
Deutsch
Rangstufen von Ihm und Vergebung und Barmherzigkeit; denn Allah ist allvergebend, barmherzig.
اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ تَوَفّٰہُمُ الۡمَلٰٓئِکَۃُ ظَالِمِیۡۤ اَنۡفُسِہِمۡ قَالُوۡا فِیۡمَ کُنۡتُمۡ ؕ قَالُوۡا کُنَّا مُسۡتَضۡعَفِیۡنَ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ ؕ قَالُوۡۤا اَلَمۡ تَکُنۡ اَرۡضُ اللّٰہِ وَاسِعَۃً فَتُہَاجِرُوۡا فِیۡہَا ؕ فَاُولٰٓئِکَ مَاۡوٰٮہُمۡ جَہَنَّمُ ؕ وَ سَآءَتۡ مَصِیۡرًا ﴿ۙ۹۸﴾
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَفَّىٰهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُ ظَالِمِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ قَالُواْ فِيمَ كُنتُمۡۖ قَالُواْ كُنَّا مُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ تَكُنۡ أَرۡضُ ٱللَّهِ وَٰسِعَةٗ فَتُهَاجِرُواْ فِيهَاۚ فَأُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَسَآءَتۡ مَصِيرًا
English
Verily, those whom the angels cause to die while they are wronging their own souls, they (the angels) will say to them: ‘What were you after?’ They will reply: ‘We were treated as weak in the land.’ They will say, ‘Was not Allah’s earth vast enough for you to emigrate therein?’ It is these whose abode shall be Hell, and an evil destination it is;
English Short Commentary
Verily, [a]those whom the angels cause to die while they are wronging their own souls, the angels will say to them: ‘What were you after?’ They will say: ‘We were treated as weak in the land.’ The angels will say, ‘Was not Allah’s earth spacious enough so that you could have emigrated therein?’[655] It is these whose abode shall be Hell, and an evil destination it is;
655. Islam would not be satisfied with a weak or passive belief. If the environments of a believer are not congenial to the Faith he must shift to a more congenial place and if he does not do so he will not be regarded as sincere in his Faith. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
Verily, [a]those whom the angels cause to die while they are wronging their own souls, they (the angels) will say to them: ‘What were you after?’ They will reply: ‘We were treated as weak in the land.’ They will say, ‘Was not Allah’s earth vast enough for you to migrate therein?’ It is these whose abode shall be Hell, and an evil destination it is;[566]
566. Commentary:
The words فتھاجروا (for you to migrate) show that the people referred to here were not so weak as not to be able to migrate from their homes. They were thus not truly "disabled ones" as mentioned in 4:96 above. The present verse, therefore, strongly condemns them. Islam would not be satisfied with a weak or passive belief, for it is neither good for the believer nor for the community. If the environment of a believer is not suitable for him, he should shift to a different environment more congenial to his faith; and if he does not do so, he is not sincere in his faith. (close)
اُردو
یقیناً وہ لوگ جن کو فرشتے اس حال میں وفات دیتے ہیں کہ وہ اپنے نفسوں پر ظلم کرنے والے ہیں وہ (اُن سے) کہتے ہیں تم کس حال میں رہے؟ وہ (جواباً) کہتے ہیں ہم تو وطن میں بہت کمزور بنا دیئے گئے تھے۔ وہ (فرشتے) کہیں گے کہ کیا اللہ کی زمین وسیع نہیں تھی کہ تم اس میں ہجرت کر جاتے؟۔ پس یہی لوگ ہیں جن کا ٹھکانا جہنّم ہے اور وہ بہت بُرا ٹھکانا ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
جن لوگوں کو ملائکہ نے اس حالت میں وفات دی کہ وہ اپنی جانوں پر ظلم کر رہے تھے وہ (ان سے) کہیں گے کہ تم کس (خیال) میں تھے؟ وہ (یعنی ہجرت سے گریز کرنے والے جواب میں) کہیں گے کہ ہم ملک میں کمزور سمجھے جاتے تھے (اس لئے ہجرت نہیں کی) وہ (فرشتے) جواب دیں گے کیا اللہ کی زمین وسیع نہ تھی؟ کہ تم اس میں ہجرت کرجاتے پس ان لوگوں کا ٹھکانا جہنم ہوگا اور وہ رہنے کے لحاظ سے بہت (ہی) بری جگہ ہے۔
Français
En vérité, ceux que les anges font mourir alors qu’ils nuisent à leur propre âme, ils - les anges- leur diront : « Dans quelle situation étiez-vous ? » Ils répondront : « Nous étions traités sur terre comme des faibles. » Les anges leur diront : « La terre d’Allāh n’était-elle pas assez vaste pour vous permettre d’émigrer ? » Voilà ceux dont la demeure sera l’Enfer. Et quelle mauvaise destination !
Español
En verdad, a quienes los ángeles hacen morir mientras están perjudicando sus propias almas, ellos (los ángeles) les dirán: “¿Qué buscabais?”. Responderán: “Fuimos tratados como débiles en la tierra”. Dirán: “¿No era la tierra de Al-lah suficientemente amplia para que pudierais emigrar?”. Éstos son los que morarán en el Infierno; ¡qué pésimo destino!;
Deutsch
Zu jenen, die – Unrecht gegen sich selbst tuend – von Engeln dahingerafft werden, werden diese sprechen: "Wonach strebtet ihr?" Sie werden antworten: "Wir wurden als Schwache im Lande behandelt." Da sprechen jene: "War Allahs Erde nicht weit genug für euch, dass ihr darin hättet auswandern können?" Sie sind es, deren Aufenthalt die Hölle sein wird, und übel ist die Bestimmung;
اِلَّا الۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِیۡنَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَ النِّسَآءِ وَ الۡوِلۡدَانِ لَا یَسۡتَطِیۡعُوۡنَ حِیۡلَۃً وَّ لَا یَہۡتَدُوۡنَ سَبِیۡلًا ﴿ۙ۹۹﴾
إِلَّا ٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ لَا يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةٗ وَلَا يَهۡتَدُونَ سَبِيلٗا
English
Except such weak ones among men, women and children, as are incapable of adopting any plan or of finding any way.
English Short Commentary
Except [a]such weak ones among men, women and children, as are incapable of adopting any plan or of finding any way to escape.[656]
656. Those believers, who are unable to emigrate, are excepted from the class mentioned in the preceding verse. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
Except [a]such weak ones among men, women and children, as are incapable of adopting any plan or of finding any way.[567]
567. Important Words:
حیلة (plan) is derived from حال i.e. it became changed or altered; it revolved and passed; it became complete, etc. حیلةmeans, mode or manner of changing from one state to another; a mode or means of evading a thing; a mode or means of attaining an object; a contrivance, device, artifice or plan (Lane).
Commentary:
There may be cases in which a person is really unable to migrate. For such this verse provides an exception to the class mentioned in the preceding one; for God is just and never overlooks extenuating circumstances.
The verse also shows that the word یھتدون (here translated as "finding any way" but generally rendered as "being rightly guided") is sometimes used in the sense of being saved, whether from the hardships of this world or from those of the next. (close)
اُردو
سوائے اُن مَردوں اور عورتوں اور بچوں کے جنہیں کمزور بنا دیا گیا تھا۔ جن کوکوئی حیلہ میسر نہیں تھا اور نہ ہی وہ (نکلنے کی) کوئی راہ پاتے تھے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
ہاں وہ لوگ جو مردوں‘ عورتوں اور بچوں میں سے فی الواقع کمزور تھے (اور) وہ کسی تدبیر کی طاقت نہ رکھتے تھے اور نہ کوئی راہ انہیں نظر آتی تھی۔
Français
Excepté ceux qui sont rendus faibles de parmi les hommes, les femmes et les enfants qui sont incapables d’adopter un plan ou de trouver une voie de sortie.
Español
Excepto los hombres, mujeres y niños verdaderamente débiles, que son incapaces de preparar un plan o hallar algún camino.
Deutsch
ausgenommen nur die Schwachen unter den Männern, Frauen und Kindern, die außerstande sind, einen Plan zu fassen oder einen Weg zu finden.
فَاُولٰٓئِکَ عَسَی اللّٰہُ اَنۡ یَّعۡفُوَ عَنۡہُمۡ ؕ وَ کَانَ اللّٰہُ عَفُوًّا غَفُوۡرًا ﴿۱۰۰﴾
فَأُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَعۡفُوَ عَنۡهُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَفُوًّا غَفُورٗا
English
As to these, maybe Allah will efface their sins; for Allah is the Effacer of sins, and is Most Forgiving.
English Short Commentary
As to these, may be[657] Allah will efface their sins; for Allah is the Effacer of sins, the Most Forgiving.
657. The particle ‘asa does not indicate doubt on the part of God but is used to keep the believers referred to here in a state of suspense—between hope and fear—so that they may not become lax in Prayer and good deeds. The expression is designed to hold out hope without creating a false sense of security or a state of complacency. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
As to these, maybe Allah will efface their sins; for Allah is the Effacer of sins, and is Most Forgiving.[568]
568. Important Words:
عفوا (Effacer of sins) is derived from عفا meaning, it was or became effaced, erased or obliterated; it perished or came to naught or came to an end. They say عفت الریح الدار i.e. the wind effaced the traces of the house. سلوا الله العافیة means, ask ye of God the effacement of your sins or pray for forgiveness. The word عفا also means, it was or became much in quantity or many in number. An Arab would say اعفیت شعر البعیر i.e. I left the hair of the camel to become abundant and long. عفوا which is one of the attributes of God, means, One Who forgives much; the Very Forgiving; the Effacer of sins (Lane & Aqrab). See also 2:110, 188, 220, 238; 3:135.
Commentary:
The words, Allah will efface their sins, mean not only that Allah will forgive them their weaknesses but that He will also put an end to their hardships by giving victory to Muslims and making them masters of those places where the weak among them were being oppressed and tormented by cruel disbelievers.
The expression عسی (maybe) does not indicate doubt on the part of God but is used to keep the believers, referred to here, in a state of suspense—between hope and fear—so that they may not become lax in prayer and good deeds. The expression is designed to hold out hope without creating a sense of security or a state of complete complacency. (close)
اُردو
پس یہی وہ لوگ ہیں، بعید نہیں کہ اللہ ان سے درگزر کرے اور اللہ بہت درگزر کرنے والا (اور) بہت بخشنے والا ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
ان لوگوں کے متعلق خدا کی بخشش قریب ہے‘ کیونکہ اللہ ہے ہی بہت معاف کرنے والا اور بخشنے والا۔
Français
Et quant à ceux-là, il se peut qu’Allāh efface leurs péchés, car Allāh est Effaceur des péchés et est Très-Pardonnant.
Español
Tal vez Al-lah suprima los pecados de éstos; porque Al-lah es Remisorio y es el Sumo Indulgente.
Deutsch
Diese sind es, denen Allah bald vergeben wird; denn Allah ist allvergebend, allverzeihend.
وَ مَنۡ یُّہَاجِرۡ فِیۡ سَبِیۡلِ اللّٰہِ یَجِدۡ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ مُرٰغَمًا کَثِیۡرًا وَّ سَعَۃً ؕ وَ مَنۡ یَّخۡرُجۡ مِنۡۢ بَیۡتِہٖ مُہَاجِرًا اِلَی اللّٰہِ وَ رَسُوۡلِہٖ ثُمَّ یُدۡرِکۡہُ الۡمَوۡتُ فَقَدۡ وَقَعَ اَجۡرُہٗ عَلَی اللّٰہِ ؕ وَ کَانَ اللّٰہُ غَفُوۡرًا رَّحِیۡمًا ﴿۱۰۱﴾٪
۞وَمَن يُهَاجِرۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يَجِدۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُرَٰغَمٗا كَثِيرٗا وَسَعَةٗۚ وَمَن يَخۡرُجۡ مِنۢ بَيۡتِهِۦ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ثُمَّ يُدۡرِكۡهُ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ فَقَدۡ وَقَعَ أَجۡرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا
English
And whoso emigrates from his country in the cause of Allah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness. And whoso goes forth from his home, emigrating in the cause of Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward lies on Allah, and Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.
English Short Commentary
And whoso emigrates from his country in the way of Allah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness.[658] And whoso goes forth from his home, emigrating in the cause of Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward lies on Allah, and Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.
658. Islam accepts no excuse from believers to stay in environments hostile to their Faith if they can afford to leave such localities. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
And whoso migrates from his country in the cause of Allah will find in the earth an abundant place of refuge and plentifulness. And whoso goes forth from his home, migrating in the cause of Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward lies on Allah, and Allah is Most Forgiving, Merciful.[569]
569. Important Words:
مراغما (place of refuge) is derived from رغم. They say رغم أنفه meaning his nose clove to the dust, i.e. he became abased and humbled. رغمه means, he disliked it. ارغم اھله or راغم اھله means, he forsook or deserted his family against their wish. رغامmeans, earth or dust. مرغم or مراغم means, a road by travelling on which a man separates himself from his people against their wish or so as to displease them; a place to which one migrates; a place of refuge; a safe and fortified place (Lane & Aqrab).
Commentary:
The verse promises those sincere believers who are forced by circumstances to migrate from their homes in the cause of God abundant place of refuge and plentifulness. There is, therefore, no excuse for the people to stay at home surrounded by hostile disbelievers. But the motive must be good and the migration sincere.
The Holy Prophet is reported to have said: "Whoso migrates from his home for the sake of God and His Messenger, his migration will be regarded as having been performed for the sake of God and His Messenger and will be rewarded as such. But whoso leaves his home for the sake of a worldly gain which he wishes to get or for a woman whom he wishes to marry, will be considered to have migrated for the sake of the object for which he migrated, and his migration will not be considered as having been performed in the cause of God" (Bukhari, ch. on Bad’ul Wahy). (close)
اُردو
اور جو اللہ کی راہ میں ہجرت کرے تو وہ زمین میں (دشمن کو) نامراد کرنے کے بہت سے مواقع اور فراخی پائے گا۔ اور جو اپنے گھر سے اللہ اور اس کے رسول کی طرف ہجرت کرتے ہوئے نکلتا ہے پھر (اس حالت میں) اسے موت آ جاتی ہے تو اُس کا اجر اللہ پر فرض ہوگیا ہے۔ اور اللہ بہت بخشنے والا (اور) باربار رحم کرنے والا ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اور جو (شخص بھی) اللہ کی راہ میں ہجرت کرے گا وہ ملک میں حفاظت کی بہت سی جگہیں اور فراخی (کے سامان) پائے گا۔ اور جو (شخص) اللہ اور اس کے رسول کی طرف اپنے گھر سے ہجرت کرکے نکلے پھر اسے موت آجائے تو (سمجھو کہ) اس کا اجر اللہ کے ذمہ ہو چکا اور اللہ بہت (ہی) بخشنے والا (اور) باربار رحم کرنے والا ہے۔
Français
Et quiconque quittera son pays pour la cause d’Allāh, trouvera sur la terre de nombreuses occasions et une abondance de biens qui susciteraient la frustration de l’ennemi. Et quiconque quittera sa maison, émigrant pour la cause d’Allāh et de Son Messager, et qui sera surpris par la mort, sa récompense incombe à Allāh, et Allāh est Très-Pardonnant, Miséricordieux.
Español
Mas quien emigre de su país por la causa de Al-lah, encontrará en la tierra un amplio lugar de refugio y abundancia. Y quien abandone su hogar, emigrando por la causa de Al-lah y de Su Mensajero, y le sorprenda la muerte, tendrá su recompensa en Al-lah, pues Al-lah es el Sumo Indulgente, Misericordioso.
Deutsch
Wer für die Sache Allahs auswandert, der wird auf Erden genug Stätten der Zuflucht und der Fülle finden. Und wer sein Haus verlässt und auswandert auf Allahs und Seines Gesandten Weg und dabei vom Tode ereilt wird, dessen Lohn obliegt sodann Allah, und Allah ist allverzeihend, barmherzig.
وَ اِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ فَلَیۡسَ عَلَیۡکُمۡ جُنَاحٌ اَنۡ تَقۡصُرُوۡا مِنَ الصَّلٰوۃِ ٭ۖ اِنۡ خِفۡتُمۡ اَنۡ یَّفۡتِنَکُمُ الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا ؕ اِنَّ الۡکٰفِرِیۡنَ کَانُوۡا لَکُمۡ عَدُوًّا مُّبِیۡنًا ﴿۱۰۲﴾
وَإِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقۡصُرُواْ مِنَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ إِنۡ خِفۡتُمۡ أَن يَفۡتِنَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ كَانُواْ لَكُمۡ عَدُوّٗا مُّبِينٗا
English
And when you journey in the land, it shall be no sin on you to shorten the Prayer, if you fear that those who disbelieve may give you trouble. Verily, the disbelievers are an open enemy to you.
English Short Commentary
And when you journey in the land, [b]it shall be no blame on you if you shorten the Prayer, if you fear that those who disbelieve will cause you trouble.[659] Verily, the disbelievers are an open enemy to you.
659. The subject of Prayers in time of fear has been dealt with in the Qur’an in three separate verses, viz. (1) in 2:240 which deals with Prayers performed in time of extreme fear when no formal Prayer is possible; (2) in the present verse which deals with Prayers performed individually in time of ordinary fear; and (3) in the following verse which deals with Prayers performed in congregation in time of fear. The "shortening of Prayer" as mentioned in the present verse, which relates to the saying of Prayers individually, does not here signify the lessening of the number of Rak‘ats which has from the very beginning been fixed at two in a state of journey. It only signifies the saying of the prescribed Prayers quickly when there is danger of an attack from the enemy. The number of Rak‘ats to be said when a man is on a journey has ever been two; but in time of danger when one has to say one’s Prayers individually, even these two Rak‘ats may be gone through quickly (Kathir). This view is endorsed by Mujahid, Dahhak, and Bukhari (ch. on Salatul-Khauf). ‘A’ishah is reported to have said, 'At first the number of Rak‘ats enjoined was two, whether one was on a journey or at home. Later on, however, it was increased to four for those staying at home, but for those on journey it continued to be the same as before' (Bukhari, ch. on Salat). ‘Umar said, 'The Prayer to be said on a journey is two Rak‘ats; the Prayer of the two ‘Ids is also two Rak‘ats each; the Friday Prayer is also two Rak‘ats; this is the full number of Rak‘ats without having undergone any curtailment. We learnt this from the very lips of the Holy Prophet' (Musnad, Nasa’i, & Majah). Khalid bin Sa‘id once asked Ibn-e-‘Umar where was Prayer for the wayfarer mentioned in the Qur’an which prescribes only the Prayer in time of fear. To this Ibn-e-‘Umar replied that they did what they saw the Holy Prophet doing, i.e. saying two Rak‘ats of Prayer while on a journey (Jarir, v. 144; Nasa’i ch. on Salat). (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
And when you journey in the land, [a]it shall be no sin on you to shorten the Prayer, if you fear that those who disbelieve may give you trouble. Verily, the disbelievers are an open enemy to you.[570]
570. Commentary:
The subject how Prayers are to be performed when one is on a journey or when there is fear of an attack from the enemy has been incidentally introduced here in connection with the subject of migration dealt with in the previous verses. At the conclusion of this subject, which has been incidentally brought in, the Quran will again refer to the main theme dealing with hypocrites and the weak of faith.
The subject of Prayers in time of fear has been dealt with in the Quran in three separate verses viz. (1) in 2:240 which deals with Prayers performed in times of extreme fear when no formal prayer is possible; (2) in 4:102, i.e. the present verse which deals with Prayers performed individually in times of ordinary fear; and (3) in 4:103, i.e. the following verse which deals with Prayers performed in congregation.
The "shortening of Prayer" as mentioned in the present verse, which relates to the saying of Prayers individually, does not here signify the lessening of the number of Rak‘ats which has from the very beginning been fixed at two in a state of journey. It signifies the saying of the prescribed Prayers quickly and hurriedly when there is danger of an attack from the enemy. Ordinarily, a Muslim is enjoined to say his Prayers slowly and attentively, but he may say them quickly and hurriedly when an attack from the enemy is apprehended. The number of Rak‘ats to be said when a man is on a journey has ever been two, in the case of those Prayers which are ordinarily performed in four Rak‘ats; but in time of danger when one has to say one’s Prayers individually, even these two Rak‘ats may be gone through quickly. This is what is meant by the "shortening of Prayer" in the verse under comment. Ibn Kathir says: "Some of the learned theologians hold that by the "shortening of Prayer" here is meant not the shortening of the quantity, i.e. the number of Rak‘ats, but of the quality, i.e. time passed in Prayer, which, in other words, means saying the Prayers quickly without lessening the number of Rak‘ats or reducing the additional prayers which one ordinarily offers in the prescribed Prayers in one’s own words." This view is endorsed by Mujahid, Dahhak, and other authorities; and Imam Muhammad bin Isma‘il also expresses the same view, for in Bukhari he couples this verse with the next one, which deals with the subject of congregational Prayers in time of fear, under the common heading of Salatul-Khauf, (i.e. Prayers in time of fear).
The above view is further supported by the following traditions: ‘A’ishah is reported to have said, "At first the number of Rak‘ats enjoined was two, whether one was on a journey or at home. Later on, however, the number was increased to four for those staying at home, but the number of Rak‘ats said on a journey continued to be the same as before" (Bukhari, ch. on Salat). Again ‘Umar says, "The Prayer to be said on a journey is two Rak‘ats; the Prayer of the two ‘Ids is also two Rak‘ats each; similarly, the Friday Prayer is two Rak‘ats; this is the full number of Rak‘ats without having undergone any curtailment. We learnt this from the very lips of the Holy Prophet" (Musnad, Nasa’i, & Majah).
The number of Rak‘ats whether the Prayer is performed in a state of fear or when one is on a journey is not expressly dealt with in the Quran. It is found detailed in Sunnah or Hadith, which confine the number of Rak‘ats to two in the case of those Prayers which ordinarily have four Rak‘ats. For instance, there is a saying to the effect that Khalid bin Sa‘id once asked Ibn ‘Umar where was صلوة المسافر (Prayer of the wayfarer) mentioned in the Quran, which prescribes only the صلوة الخوف (Prayer in time of fear). To this Ibn ‘Umar replied that in this respect they did what they saw the Holy Prophet doing, i.e. saying two Rak‘ats of Prayer while on a journey (Jarir, v. 144, also see Nasa’i, ch. on Salat). (close)
اُردو
اور جب تم زمین میں (جہاد کرتے ہوئے) سفر پر نکلو تو تم پر کوئی گناہ نہیں کہ تم نماز قصر کرلیا کرو، اگر تمہیں خوف ہو کہ وہ لوگ جنہوں نے کفر کیا ہے تمہیں آزمائش میں ڈالیں گے۔یقیناً کافر تمہارے کھلے کھلے دشمن ہیں۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اور اگر تم ڈرتے ہو کہ کافر تمہیں دکھ میں ڈالیں گے‘ تو جب تم ملک میں سفر کرو تو تمہیں کوئی گناہ نہیں کہ نماز کو چھوٹا کردو۔ کافر یقیناً تمہارے (کھلے) کھلے دشمن ہیں۔
Français
Et quand vous êtes en voyage dans le pays, ce ne sera pas un péché de votre part de raccourcir la Prière, si vous craignez que les mécréants ne vous mettent en difficulté. En vérité les mécréants sont vos ennemis déclarés.
Español
Y cuando viajéis por la tierra, no pecaréis si abreviáis la Oración por temor a que os hostiguen los incrédulos. En verdad, los incrédulos son vuestros enemigos declarados.
Deutsch
Und wenn ihr durch das Land zieht, dann soll es keine Sünde für euch sein, wenn ihr das Gebet verkürzt, so ihr fürchtet, die Ungläubigen würden euch bedrängen. Wahrlich, die Ungläubigen sind euch ein offenkundiger Feind.
وَ اِذَا کُنۡتَ فِیۡہِمۡ فَاَقَمۡتَ لَہُمُ الصَّلٰوۃَ فَلۡتَقُمۡ طَآئِفَۃٌ مِّنۡہُمۡ مَّعَکَ وَ لۡیَاۡخُذُوۡۤا اَسۡلِحَتَہُمۡ ۟ فَاِذَا سَجَدُوۡا فَلۡیَکُوۡنُوۡا مِنۡ وَّرَآئِکُمۡ ۪ وَ لۡتَاۡتِ طَآئِفَۃٌ اُخۡرٰی لَمۡ یُصَلُّوۡا فَلۡیُصَلُّوۡا مَعَکَ وَ لۡیَاۡخُذُوۡا حِذۡرَہُمۡ وَ اَسۡلِحَتَہُمۡ ۚ وَدَّ الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا لَوۡ تَغۡفُلُوۡنَ عَنۡ اَسۡلِحَتِکُمۡ وَ اَمۡتِعَتِکُمۡ فَیَمِیۡلُوۡنَ عَلَیۡکُمۡ مَّیۡلَۃً وَّاحِدَۃً ؕ وَ لَا جُنَاحَ عَلَیۡکُمۡ اِنۡ کَانَ بِکُمۡ اَذًی مِّنۡ مَّطَرٍ اَوۡ کُنۡتُمۡ مَّرۡضٰۤی اَنۡ تَضَعُوۡۤا اَسۡلِحَتَکُمۡ ۚ وَ خُذُوۡا حِذۡرَکُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ اَعَدَّ لِلۡکٰفِرِیۡنَ عَذَابًا مُّہِیۡنًا ﴿۱۰۳﴾
وَإِذَا كُنتَ فِيهِمۡ فَأَقَمۡتَ لَهُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ فَلۡتَقُمۡ طَآئِفَةٞ مِّنۡهُم مَّعَكَ وَلۡيَأۡخُذُوٓاْ أَسۡلِحَتَهُمۡۖ فَإِذَا سَجَدُواْ فَلۡيَكُونُواْ مِن وَرَآئِكُمۡ وَلۡتَأۡتِ طَآئِفَةٌ أُخۡرَىٰ لَمۡ يُصَلُّواْ فَلۡيُصَلُّواْ مَعَكَ وَلۡيَأۡخُذُواْ حِذۡرَهُمۡ وَأَسۡلِحَتَهُمۡۗ وَدَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡ تَغۡفُلُونَ عَنۡ أَسۡلِحَتِكُمۡ وَأَمۡتِعَتِكُمۡ فَيَمِيلُونَ عَلَيۡكُم مَّيۡلَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِن كَانَ بِكُمۡ أَذٗى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوۡ كُنتُم مَّرۡضَىٰٓ أَن تَضَعُوٓاْ أَسۡلِحَتَكُمۡۖ وَخُذُواْ حِذۡرَكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَذَابٗا مُّهِينٗا
English
And when thou art among them, and leadest the Prayer for them, let a party of them stand with thee and let them take their arms. And when they have performed their prostrations, let them go to your rear, and let another party, who have not yet prayed, come forward and pray with thee; and let them take their means of defence and their arms. The disbelievers wish that you be neglectful of your arms and your baggage that they may fall upon you at once. And it shall be no sin on you, if you are in trouble on account of rain or if you are sick, that you lay aside your arms. But you should always take your means of defence. Surely, Allah has prepared an humiliating punishment for the disbelievers.
English Short Commentary
And when thou art among them, and leadest the Prayer for them, let a party of them stand with thee and let them take their arms. And when they have performed their prostrations, let them go to your rear, and let another party, who have not yet prayed, come forward and pray with thee,[660] and let them take their means of defence and their arms.[661] The disbelievers wish that you were neglectful of your arms and your baggage that they may fall upon you at once. And it shall be no sin for you, because of the inconvenience caused by rain or because you are sick, that you lay aside your arms. But you should always take your precautions. Surely, Allah has prepared an humiliating punishment for the disbelievers.
660. Whereas the preceding verse spoke of Prayer in time of fear in the case of individuals, the present one gives the details of the manner of its performance when the Faithful are in the form of a company or group and the Prayer is to be performed in congregation. As many as eleven different forms in which the Prayer was said on different occasions are described in the Hadith (Muhit). (close)
661. The verse observes a difference between Aslihah (arms) and Hidhr (precautions). Whereas the former may be put aside in moments of comparative security, the latter should never be neglected. See also 4:72. (close)
English Five Volume Commentary
And when thou art among them, and leadest the Prayer for them, let a party of them stand with thee and let them take their arms. And when they have performed their prostrations, let them go to your rear, and let another party, who have not yet prayed, come forward and pray with thee; and let them take their means of defence and their arms. The disbelievers wish that you be neglectful of your arms and your baggage that they may fall upon you at once. And it shall be no sin on you, if you are in trouble on account of rain or if you are sick, that you lay aside your arms. But you should always take your means of defence. Surely, Allah has prepared an humiliating punishment for the disbelievers.[571]
571. Commentary:
Whereas the preceding verse spoke of the Prayer in time of fear in the case of individuals, the present one gives the details of the manner of its performance when the Faithful are in the form of a company or group and the Prayer is to be performed in congregation. Apparently the Holy Prophet alone seems to have been addressed here, but really the verse possesses general application. When a Muslim army is about to say their Prayer in congregation, half of them should say the Prayer with the Imam, carrying their arms, and the other half should stand facing the enemy, to fight him or repulse his attack, as the case may be. When the first half have finished one Rak‘at, they should retire to take the place of those who are facing the enemy. The latter should then come forward and say one Rak‘at with the Imam.
As many as eleven different ways in which these Prayers were said on different occasions are described in the Hadith(for details see Al-Bahrul-Muhit). In some cases, each of the two parties said only one Rak‘at of Prayer, while the Imam said two. In other cases, each of the parties said two Rak‘at, one Rak‘at with the Imam and the other alone, thus all saying two Rak‘at. On yet other occasions each of the two parties said two rak‘at of Prayer with the Imam, the Imam himself having said four Rak‘at—two Rak‘at with each party. These different methods were observed in different circumstances. If the danger was great, each of the parties said only one Rak‘at of Prayer with the Imam while the Imam himself said two; but if the danger was not so great, each party said two Rak‘ats while the Imam said four. Again, methods varied with the varying position of the army. If the enemy, for instance, was in front of the Imam, the congregation followed a method different from that which they followed on other occasions.
To sum up, whereas Prayer in a state of simple journey consists of two Rak‘ats in such Prayers as ordinarily consist of four Rak‘ats, the Prayer in time of fear may assume different forms, the more important being:
(a) Splitting up the worshippers into two parties, each party either saying one part of its Prayer with the Imam and then retiring, or saying one part of its Prayer with the Imam and the other part separately, the number of Rak‘ats performed by the worshippers being either one or two as the case may be (the present verse);
(b) Shortening the duration of Prayers only (the preceding verse);
(c) Doing away with all form and repeating the words of Prayer while walking, running or riding (2:240).
The verse observes a difference between: اسلحة (arms) and حذر (means of defence or simply precautions). Whereas the former may be put aside in moments of comparative security, the latter should always be adhered to and never neglected. See also 4:72. (close)
اُردو
اور جب تُو بھی ان میں ہو اور تُو انہیں نماز پڑھائے تو ان میں سے ایک گروہ (نماز کےلئے) تیرے ساتھ کھڑا ہو جائے۔ اور چاہئے کہ وہ (مجاہدین) اپنا اسلحہ ساتھ رکھیں۔ پس جب وہ سجدہ کر لیں تو وہ تمہارے پیچھے ہوجائیں اور دوسرا گروہ آ جائے جنہوں نے نماز نہیں پڑھی پھر وہ تیرے ساتھ نماز پڑھیں۔ اور وہ اپنے بچاؤ کے سامان اور ہتھیار ساتھ رکھیں۔ جن لوگوں نے کفر کیا ہے وہ چاہتے ہیں کہ کاش تم اپنے ہتھیاروں اور سامان سے غافل ہو جاؤ تو وہ دفعۃً تم پر ٹوٹ پڑیں۔ اور اگر تمہیں بارش کی وجہ سے کوئی مشکل ہو یا تم بیمار ہو تم پر کوئی گناہ نہیں کہ اپنے ہتھیار اتار دو اور اپنا بچاؤ (بہرحال) اختیار کئے رکھو۔ یقیناً اللہ نے کافروں کےلئے بہت رُسوا کرنے والا عذاب تیار کر رکھا ہے۔
اُردو تفسیر صغیر
اور جب تو (خود) ان میں ہو اور تو انہیں نماز پڑھائے تو ان میں سے ایک حصہ جماعت (کو چاہیئے کہ) تیرے ساتھ کھڑے ہوں اور اپنے ہتھیار لے لیں۔ پھر جب وہ سجدہ کر لیں تو وہ تمہارے پیچھے (حفاظت کے لئے) کھڑے ہو جائیں‘ پھر ایک اور حصہ جماعت جس نے نماز نہیں پڑھی (آگے) آجائے اور تیرے ساتھ نماز پڑھے اور وہ بھی اپنے بچاٶ کا سامان اور اپنے ہتھیار لئے رہیں۔ جو لوگ کافر ہیں وہ چاہتے ہیں کہ کاش تم اپنے ہتھیاروں اور اپنے سامانوں سے غافل ہو جاٶ تو وہ یکدم ہی تم پر آپڑیں اور اور اگر بارش کی وجہ سے تمہیں تکلیف ہو یا تم مریض ہو تو اپنے ہتھیار اتار دینے پر تمہیں کوئی گناہ نہ ہوگا۔ لیکن پھر بھی تمام احتیاطیں کرلو۔ اللہ نے کافروں کے لئے رسوا کر دینے والا عذاب یقیناً تیار کر چھوڑا ہے۔
Français
Et quand tu te trouves parmi eux, et que tu diriges pour eux la Prière, qu’un groupe d’entre eux se mette debout avec toi et qu’ils prennent les armes. Et lorsqu’ils auront fini de se prosterner, qu’ils se retirent à l’arrière, et qu’un autre groupe, qui n’a pas encore prié, s’avance pour prier avec toi ; et qu’ils prennent leurs moyens de défense et leurs armes. Les mécréants voudraient que vous négligiez vos armes et vos bagages afin de pouvoir vous assaillir soudainement. Et si vous êtes gênés par la pluie ou souffrants, ce ne sera pas un péché de votre part de déposer vos armes. En tout cas prenez vos précautions pour votre défense. En vérité, Allāh a préparé pour les mécréants un châtiment humiliant.
Español
Y cuando estés entre ellos y les dirijas la Oración, que una parte de ellos permanezca de pie contigo y que tomen sus armas. Y cuando hayan realizado las postraciones, que se retiren detrás de ti y que otro grupo, que aún no haya orado, se adelante y ore contigo; y haz que tomen sus medios de defensa y sus armas. Los incrédulos desean que descuidéis vuestras armas y bagajes para poder caer sobre vosotros por sorpresa. Y no pecareis si dejáis vuestras armas porque os molesta la lluvia o estáis enfermos. Pero portad siempre vuestros medios de defensa. En verdad, Al-lah ha preparado un castigo ignominioso para los incrédulos.
Deutsch
Und wenn du unter ihnen bist und für sie das Gebet anführst, soll ein Teil von ihnen bei dir stehen, doch sollen sie ihre Waffen aufnehmen. Und wenn sie ihre Niederwerfungen vollführt haben, so sollen sie hinter euch treten, und eine andere Abteilung, die noch nicht gebetet hat, soll vortreten und mit dir beten; doch sollen sie auf ihrer Hut sein und ihre Waffen bei sich haben. Die Ungläubigen sähen es gerne, dass ihr eure Waffen und euer Gepäck außer acht ließet, so dass sie euch plötzlich überfallen könnten. Und es soll keine Sünde für euch sein, wenn ihr, falls ihr durch Regen leidet oder krank seid, eure Waffen ablegt. Seid jedoch (immer) auf eurer Hut. Wahrlich, Allah hat für die Ungläubigen schmähliche Strafe bereitet.